Vocal cord polyps are benign lesions that usually occur on one of the vocal cords, and less commonly on both. They are well-defined and can easily be distinguished from the surrounding healthy tissue. Polyps are most often located in the middle portion of the vocal cords, where vibration is most intense. They are especially seen in individuals who frequently raise their voice suddenly (for example, sports fans who often attend matches) or those who work in noisy environments.
How Is a Vocal Cord Polyp Diagnosed?
Patients with vocal cord polyps usually present with hoarseness. The diagnosis is made through laryngostroboscopic examination (an endoscopic evaluation with a camera), where polyps can be easily recognized.
Polyps are benign and, once correctly diagnosed, have no risk of transforming into cancer. However, under inappropriate examination conditions or by inexperienced evaluators, they may be mistaken for other vocal cord disorders.Therefore, a definitive diagnosis can only be established through pathological examination, if necessary.
Treatment of Vocal Cord Polyps
The standard treatment is microsurgery of the vocal cords (phonomicrosurgery). Under general anesthesia and using a microscope, a small incision is made on the vocal cord, and the polyp is removed without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue.
Postoperative voice therapy is crucial to prevent recurrence. In addition, medications may be used to manage underlying contributing factors such as allergies, infections, or reflux.